![]() This chapter focuses on the adrenal cortex because of its importance in neuropharmacology, the adrenal medulla is discussed in Chapter 11, Adrenergic Pharmacology. The adrenal medulla synthesizes and secretes the catecholamine epinephrine, which is important, although not essential, for maintaining sympathetic tone. The adrenal cortex synthesizes and secretes steroid hormones essential for salt balance, intermediary metabolism, and, in females, androgenic actions. The outer adrenal cortex originates from mesoderm, and the inner adrenal medulla is derived from neural crest cells. Like the pituitary gland, the adrenal gland consists of two organs fused together during embryologic development. Inhibitors of Adrenocortical Hormone Synthesis
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